Vakulchuk Olha

Mass-circulation press of Ukraine in the 1920s and early 1930s: the impact of socio-political situation on the peculiarities of development, content, and operating conditions

Abstract: To characterize mass-circulation newspapers as a separate type of Soviet periodicals, to determine their characteristic features, and operating conditions amid the background of the socio-political situation that developed in Ukraine in the 1920s – early 1930s; to prove that the array of these publications, given their source potential, needs further research, processing, digitization, decent storage conditions (now the search for mass-circulation newspapers in the funds is much too complicated as these newspapers were not specially collected, are scattered, and often stored in less suitable conditions than "big" newspapers). The methodological basis of the paper is the principle of historicism; methods of analysis of historical sources and synthesis of information are used. These methods provided an opportunity to comprehensively investigate mass-circulation newspapers in the socio-political context and to reveal the topic of the article. The novelty lies in the expansion of ideas about the mass-circulation press as a purely Soviet phenomenon, a separate type of press, a source for studying the socio-political situation in Ukraine in the 1920s – early 1930s. Conclusions. Soviet mass-circulation newspapers almost stenographically covered all the events and activities that took place both in the country and at a single enterprise, institution, or collective farm; all the problems and events of that time are recorded on their pages – from domestic to general political – microhistory, microthemes and macrohistory and macroproblems. In the aggregate of all aspects of the mass-circulation press as a social phenomenon, its significance can be characterized as a unique phenomenon of Soviet periodicals, a complex historical source that reflects the methods of influencing the mass consciousness, and the formation of labor relations.

Keywords: mass-circulation newspapers, Soviet press, historical source, industrialization, five-year plan, socialist competition.

  Full-text PDF    https://doi.org/10.15407/np.62.355     Citation

• Vakulchuk Olha (Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine, Ukraine, Kyiv, vaculchuk@nbuv.gov.ua) ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4171-3886

Cite:
Vakulchuk Olha (2021). Mass-circulation press of Ukraine in the 1920s and early 1930s: the impact of socio-political situation on the peculiarities of development, content, and operating conditions. Academic Papers of The Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine, (62) 355-366. (In Ukrainan). doi: https://doi.org/10.15407/np.62.355

References:

1. Iurov, Iu. (1960). Tvoia zavodskaia gazeta. [Your factory newspaper]. Moscow, Russia. [In Russian].
2. Avdeiev, V., Dobrynin, O. (1931). Gazeta na proizvodstve. [Newspaper in the production]. Leningrad, Russia. [In Russian].
3. Zavialov, G. P. (1957). Stennaia i mnogotirazhnaia pechiat. [Wall and large print]. Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan. [In Russian].
4. Petrov, V. A. (1999). Gazeta trudovogo kollektiva kak istoricheskii istochnik (na materialakh gazety "Kirovetc". [The newspaper of work community as a historical source (case of the newspaper "Kirovets"]. Vspomogatelnyie Istoricheskie Distcipliny, 21, 66-73. Leningrad, Russia. [In Russian].
5. Bolshie dela malenkikh gazet: sbornik statei (1957). [Big deeds of small newspapers: collection of articles]. Moscow, Russia. [in Russian].
6. Andreieva, O. V. (2011). Istoriia knizhnogo dela v dokumentalnyh istochnikah i materialah periodicheskoi pechati. [The history of bookwork in documentary sources and periodicals: a training manual]. Moscow, Russia. [In Russian].
7. Alekseieva, M. I. (1970). Gazeta v zerkale sotciologicheskogo analiza. [Newspaper in the mirror of sociological analysis]. Leningrad, Russia. [In Russian].
8. Soloshchenko, N. V. (2019). Mnogotirazhnaia pechiat kak istochnik po izucheniiu protcessa formirovaniia "novogo cheloveka" v sovetskoi promyshlennosti pervykh piatiletok. [The mass-circulation press as a source for study of the process of forming a "new man" in the Soviet industry during the first five-year plans]. Istoricheskii zhurnal: nauchnye issledovaniia – History Journal: Research, 3, 106-117. [In Russian].
9. Do Sekretariatu CK KP(b)U. Pro sklykannia 1-i Vseukrainskoi robsilkorivskoi narady (1928). [To the Secretariat of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine. On convening the 1st All-Ukrainian Robsilkor meeting]. Central State Archives of PublicAssociations. Fund 1, Inventory 20, Unit 2699, Page 132. [In Ukrainian].
10. Kryvulenko, V. (1929, February 23). Zavodski Drukovani Hazety. [Factory printed newspapers]. LiM. [In Ukrainian].
11. P. L. (1929). Zavodskie mnogotirazhki [Factory Editions]. Kievskii Proletarii. (1929, May 4). [In Russian].
12. Za perelom v sotcsorevnovanii (1929). [For a breakthrough in social competition]. Tribuna obuvshchika. December 15. [In Russian].
13. Pro oboviazkove postachannia zerna derzhavi kolhospamy ta odnoosibnymy hospodarstvamy: postanova RNK SRSR i CK VKP(b) (1933). [On the obligatory supply of grain to the state by collective farms and individual farms: the resolution of the Council of People’s Commissars of the USSR and the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party]. (1933, February 4). Dodadok do hazety "Komunar". Horodnia. [In Ukrainian].
14. Ko vsem partiinym organizatciiam. Ob ochistke partii (1921). [To all party organizations. About the partycleanup]. Pravda, July 27. [In Russian].
15. Konveiier. (1929). March 29. [In Russian].
16. Yavorska, O. (1934).Yak my realizuemo vyvody komisii chystky. [How we implement the findings of the cleanup commission]. Polihrafist, January 5. Kyiv. [In Ukrainian].
17. Komunist. (1921). September 1. [In Ukrainian].